> iDawah database Responses

[Qatada]

asalam alaikum

Question: What is the punishment for rape in Islam? What happens to the rape victim?

Answered by Sheikh Sulaymân al-`Îsâ, professor at al-Imâm University in Riyadh

If it is confirmed that a man engaged in sexual intercourse with a woman by threatening to kill her or by using some kind of drug or anesthetic, then his crime will be more serious than that of consentual sex.

The punishment thereto is death by execution. He will not be entitled to any pardon or reprieve whatsoever, regardless of whether he was single or married.

The one who forces sex upon someone else under threat of death is an evil and vile member of the society and should be purged. He is involved in an act of open violence and transgression against others and the spread of mischief throughout the land. His is the fate of bandits and highway robbers:

Allah says: “The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is: execution or crucifixion or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite sides or exile from the land: that is their disgrace in this world and a heavy punishment is theirs in the Hereafter.” [Sûrah al-Mâ’idah: 33]

A woman will not be punished if there is any reason to believe that she was forced into the act. The least evidence in this regard will be sufficient to save the woman from punishment. Our Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “Allah has pardoned my people for the acts they do by mistake, due to forgetfulness, and what they are coerced into doing” [Related by Ibn Mâjah and authenticated by al-Nawawî, Ibn Hajr, and al-Albânî].

Also, it was related by Ibn Abî Shaybah through Târiq b. Shahâb that a woman accused of adultery was taken to Caliph `Umar. The woman pleaded that she was asleep and woke up to find the man over her. `Umar released the woman. [The narration was approved by al-Albâni]. Ibn Qudâmah stated in his book al-Mughnî: “There is no punishment on the woman who was coerced into adultery.”

http://www.islamtoday.com/show_detai...&main_cat_id=6

[Qatada]

asalaam alaikum


Jizyah;
Muslim Response The Jizyah - A Tax on Non-Muslims?

[Qatada]

asalam alaikum


Thief:

Cut off (from the wrist joint) the (right) hand of the thief, male or female, as a recompense for that which they committed, a punishment by way of example from Allâh. And Allâh is All*Powerful, All*Wise.

But whosoever repents after his crime and does righteous good deeds (by obeying Allâh), then verily, Allâh will pardon him (accept his repentance). Verily, Allâh is Oft*Forgiving, Most Merciful.


(Qur'an Al Ma'ida 5:38)



A couple of points to note on the punishment of amputation for theft:

a-the punishment will not be applied if there is any doubt as to the guilt of the suspect

b-the punishment will not be applied if the value of the stolen goods is below something of great value -> determined by 'urf [customs of society]

c-the punishment will not be applied if the thief stole out of need/poverty

d-the punishment will not be applied if the goods weren't in proper storage (al-hirz) -> also determined by 'urf (customs of society)

e-the punishment will not be applied if the thief returns the goods and seeks forgiveness of the victim of the theft, before the case enters the judicial system

f-the punishment will not be applied if the culprit is not a sane adult and the crime was not committed under duress

g-the punishment will not be applied if the goods were not legally owned

h-the punishment will not be applied if it is a child stealing from parents or parents stealing from children or one spuse from another according to the opinion of all jurists except Imam Malik.

i-the punishment will not be applied if the person is permitted to enter the place from where he stole because in such a case there is no proper custody (al-hirz)

j-according to Imam Abu Hanifa the punishment is not applied to the non-muslim living in the muslim state, however Imam Shafi', Imam Malik and Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal have said that it is.

If the theft passes these restrictions, then it recieves the hadd punishment of hand amputation. Any theft that does not meet these restrictions recieves ta'azir (discretionary punishment). In such cases the Islamic society would most likely follow case/common law by rule of precedent where like cases are treated alike.



Coming to the scenario where amputation is applied in theft, it is interesting to note the effect this has on society. I'd like to quote some parts of a discussion at a conference of the Saudi scholars:

At this point Dr. Dawalbi made a comment:

"I have been in this country for seven years", he said, "and I never saw of heard of, any amputation of the hand for stealing. This is because the crime is extremely rare. So, all that remains of that punishment is its harshness, which has made it possible for those who are tempted to steal, to keep their hands whole. Formerly, when these regions were ruled by the french-inspired Penal Code, under the Ottoman Empire, pilgrims travelling between the two Holy Cities - Mecca and Medina, could not feel secure for their purse or their life, unless they had a strong escort.

But when this country became the Saudi Kingdom, the Qur'anic Law was enforced, crime immediately disappeared. A traveller, then, could journey, not only between the Holy Cities, but even from Al-Dahran on the Gulf to Jeddah on the Red Sea, and traverse a distance of more than one thousand and five hundred kilometres across the desert all alone in his private car, without harbouring any fear or worry about his life or property, be it worth millions of dollars, and he be a complete foreigner."

The Saudi Delegation resumed:

"In this manner, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, where Islamic law is enforced, state money is transferred from one town to another, from one bank to another, in an ordinary car, without any escort or protection, but the car driver.

Tell me, Gentlemen: in any of your Western States, would you be ready to transfer money from one bank to another, in any of your capitals without the protection of a strong police force and the necessary number of armoured cars?

...Only here, Gentlemen, in this country where Islamic Law is enforced, the American Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. William Rogers, during his visit last year, could, he and his suit, dispense with the armoured cars, which had been carried in by special planes, and which accompanied them in their tour of more than ten countries. Only here, Gentlemen, did the Government of the Kingdom not allow its visitors to go around in these cars. Eventually, Mr. Rogers spontaneously declined the guard of honour usually placed by the Government at the disposal of their foreign guests; he walked through the soulks by himself, and confessed that, in this Kingdom, and in this Kingdom alone, one had such a feeling of security that one had no more need of a guard.

...Stealing is almost unknown in our Kingdom, when people, in the great Capitals of Western countries under secular regimes, have no more security for their lives of their possessions.

(Doi, Shari'ah: The Islamic Law, Ta Ha Publishers 1984, pp. 260-261)

Personally, I know many people who have lived for ten or twenty years in Saudi Arabia and they have testified that they have never come across such a case of amputation for theft. When you implement such a balanced code, theft becomes un heard of.



I want you to look at this UN survey of burglaries between 1998-2000*. Tell me who is at the bottom of the list? Who is at the top?

*Burglaries by country. Definition, graph and map.



1. United States 2,099,700 burglaries (1999)
2. United Kingdom 836,027 burglaries (2000)
.
.
.
54. Saudi Arabia 11 (2000)!!!!


Which law is more successful?


These are concrete statistics here. There is no doubt when the UN conducts a survey and the country implementing Islamic law has the fewest burglaries, it demonstrates which is the most successful law in this regard.

[Aayah]

Asalam Alykom

brother Qatada, this is a simple initial phase of the Arabic text I will be adding the arabic texts

plz for everyone here, share your feedback on this

I guess this is the right thread to post it, because it still need feedback and is not the final version yet.

Terrorism


From Qur'an, Allaah says:

مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ كَتَبْنَا عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنَّهُ مَن قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسَادٍ فِي الأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَمَنْ أَحْيَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَا أَحْيَا النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَلَقَدْ جَاء تْهُمْ رُسُلُنَا بِالبَيِّنَاتِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِّنْهُم بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فِي الأَرْضِ لَمُسْرِفُونَ

(translation of the meaning):

Whosoever kills a human being for other than manslaughter or corruption in the earth, it shall be as if he had killed all mankind, and whoso saves the life of one, it shall be as if he had saved the life of all mankind...
[Qur'an 5: 32]



The Messenger of Allaah said:

قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال : { لا تقتلوا شيخا فانيا ، ولا طفلا ، ولا امرأة } . رواه أبو داود ، في سننه . وروي عن أبي بكر الصديق ، رضي الله عنه أنه وصى يزيد حين وجهه إلى الشام ، فقال : لا تقتل صبيا ، ولا امرأة ، ولا هرما

“Do not kill any old person, any child, or any woman.” [Abu Dawud]

وعن ابن عباس: أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كان إذا بعث جيوشاً قال: لا تقتلوا أصحاب الصوامع

“Do not kill the monks in monasteries,” or “Do not kill the people who are sitting in places of worship.” [Musnad Ahmad]

كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يوصي أصحابه وقائدي الجيش: "انطلقوا باسم الله، وبالله، وعلى ملة رسول الله. لا تقتلوا شيخًا فانيًا، ولا طفلاً ولا صغيرًا، ولا امرأة. ولا تغلوا، ، وأصلحوا وأحسنوا، فإن الله يحب المحسنين
".

Narrated Anas ibn Malik: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Go in Allah's name, trusting in Allah, and adhering to the religion of Allah's Apostle. Do not kill a decrepit old man, or a young infant, or a child, or a woman; do not be dishonest about booty, but collect your spoils, do right and act well, for Allah loves those who do well. (Sunan Abu Dawud , Book 14, Number 2608)

وقد جاء عن ابن عباس، قال: مر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بامرأة مقتولة يوم الخندق، فقال: "من قتل هذه؟" قال رجل: أنا يا رسول الله. قال: "ولم؟" قال: نازعتني قائم سيفي. قال: فسكتَ. ولأن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وقف على امرأة مقتولة، فقال: "ما بالها قتلت، وهي لا تقاتل"

It is narrated by Ibn 'Umar that a woman was found killed in one of these battles; so the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) forbade the killing of women and children.

[Sahih Muslim, Book 019, Number 4320]



All the above is in the context of fighting. Outside of the war-zone none of that is permissible - unless there is a certain law which calls for capital punishment. [Refer to Capital Punishment.]


There are some verses in Surah Tawbah [surah 9] which some people may misunderstand or take out of context;

فَإِذَا انسَلَخَ الأَشْهُرُ الْحُرُمُ فَاقْتُلُواْ الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَيْثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ وَخُذُوهُمْ وَاحْصُرُوهُمْ وَاقْعُدُواْ لَهُمْ كُلَّ مَرْصَدٍ فَإِن تَابُواْ وَأَقَامُواْ الصَّلاةَ وَآتَوُاْ الزَّكَاةَ فَخَلُّواْ سَبِيلَهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ

(The English Translation)

But when the forbidden months are past, then fight and slay the Pagans wherever ye find them, an seize them, beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them in every stratagem (of war); but if they repent, and establish regular prayers and practise regular charity, then open the way for them: for Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.

[Qur'an Al-Tawbah Repentance 9:5]

But in context it is referring to those who are in a state of warfare with the Muslims.


For example, those who have a peace treaty with the Muslims are not fought;

إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ عَاهَدتُّم مِّنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَنقُصُوكُمْ شَيْئًا وَلَمْ يُظَاهِرُواْ عَلَيْكُمْ أَحَدًا فَأَتِمُّواْ إِلَيْهِمْ عَهْدَهُمْ إِلَى مُدَّتِهِمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُتَّقِينَ

(English Translation)

Except those of the polytheists with whom you have a treaty, and who have not subsequently failed you in aught, nor have supported anyone against you. So fulfill their treaty to them to the end of their term. Surely Allâh loves Al- Mattaqûn (the pious - see V.2:2).

[Qur'an 9:4]

Okay, but still.. killing all polytheists?

Let's look at the verse that comes after the original verse [9:5]:

وَإِنْ أَحَدٌ مِّنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ اسْتَجَارَكَ فَأَجِرْهُ حَتَّى يَسْمَعَ كَلامَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ أَبْلِغْهُ مَأْمَنَهُ ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لاَّ يَعْلَمُونَ

(English Translation)

And if anyone of the Mushrikûn (polytheists, idolaters, pagans, disbelievers in the Oneness of Allâh) seeks your protection then grant him protection, so that he may hear the Word of Allâh (the Qur'ân), and then escort him to where he can be secure, that is because they are men who know not. [Qur'an 9: 6]

So thats the basics and shows that the killing of innocents isn't allowed. Yet at the same time - Islam isn't a religion which means peace in of itself, it's a religion which leads to peace - yes. But Islaam means submission. And it's a religion of justice - so if some nation comes and invades ones country - they have the right to defend themselves without exceeding the limits.

وَقَاتِلُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ الَّذِينَ يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ وَلاَ تَعْتَدُواْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يُحِبُّ الْمُعْتَدِينَ

Fight in the cause of Allah those who fight you, but do not transgress limits; for Allah loveth not transgressors.

[Qur'an 2: 190]

These are basic human rights which all humane people recognise and accept.

[Aayah]

^ there is something I forgot to mention yesterday. Brother Qatada, sometimes I dont find the hadeeth from the same narrator you mentioned, but the maten (the hadeeth itself) is the same. Is that okay?

for example here:

وقد جاء عن ابن عباس، قال: مر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بامرأة مقتولة يوم الخندق، فقال: "من قتل هذه؟" قال رجل: أنا يا رسول الله. قال: "ولم؟" قال: نازعتني قائم سيفي. قال: فسكتَ. ولأن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وقف على امرأة مقتولة، فقال: "ما بالها قتلت، وهي لا تقاتل"

It is narrated by Ibn 'Umar that a woman was found killed in one of these battles; so the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) forbade the killing of women and children.

[Sahih Muslim, Book 019, Number 4320]

the Arabic text said that its Ibn Ab'aas who narrated the Hadeeth, in your English translation it said that it is Ibn 'Umar

Is that okay? the text of the hadeeth itself is the same at the end.

[Qatada]

asalaam alaikum

Forced conversions?


No-one is forced to accept Islam, although not doing so will potentially lead such a person to Allah's anger and punishment in the life to come.

This is based on the verse;

If anyone desires a religion other than Islam (submission to Allah), never will it be accepted of him; and in the Hereafter He will be in the ranks of those who have lost (All spiritual good). [Qur'an 3:85]

So there is no way for a person to be successful, except by being Muslim in this life. However, in regard to the worldly life itself - then no-one can be forced to accept Islam.




In regard to the rules of this worldly life;


Allah tells us (translation of the meaning):


Qur'an 2:256. There is no compulsion in religion.

Qur'an 10:99. So would you (O Muhammad) then compel people to become believers?


These verses refute those who argue that Islam wants to force non muslims to become Muslims.


Hypocrites are a Greater threat than Disbelievers

Why would Muslims want to force disbelievers into becoming hypocrites (by them outwardly professing Islam and hiding their disbelief in themselves), when hypocrites are a worser threat [to Muslims] than disbelievers are?

Hypocrites will be in the lowest parts of hell whereas other disbelievers will get a less severer punishment than them, so wouldn't this be forcing them into the depths of hell further?





Apostasy:

Those who have left Islam have historically fallen under three categories: those who left having never properly understood the religion often due to social circumstances, those who faked a conversion into Islam in order to undermine the Islamic community from within, and those who left to support opposing forces in battle against the Muslims. Because of the first category, Islam requires that the person who has chosen to forsake the religion be consulted with in order that his doubts may be clarified to him if there is any specific issue of confusion, or so that he may learn the proper Islamic teachings that he may otherwise have not been exposed to. As for the second and third category, this was the original reason behind the Prophet's statement on apostasy. The Qur'an records (3:72) that the Jews of Madinah decided to initiate the practice of pretending to accept Islam and then publicly declare their rejection of it, so as to destroy the confidence of the newly-converted Muslims. Thus, the Prophet Muhammad pbuh ruled that a punishment should be announced so that those who decide to accept Islam do so because of a firm conviction not in order to harm the Muslim community from within.



Muslims aren't the only ones who practise this law

If someone argues that this is something unique to Islam only, then it isn't. Look at how the Spanish Inquisition [Reconquista] killed thousands of Muslims so that they would become Christians. Unlike the Spaniards in that scenario - who spied on Muslims in every way to find out whether they were hiding Islam in their hearts - the Muslims are ordered to accept what is at face value. i.e. if someone leaves Islam, the scholars have to answer the persons doubts and give them a time period (3 days) so they can think about it, ask more questions to clarify their doubts, and return back to their Islam.

If this person then accepts Islam, although in his heart he still hides disbelief - we accept his Islam at face value.

Sahih Al Bukhari Book 001 [eman/faith], Number 0177:

It is narrated on the authority of Usama b. Zaid: The Messenger of Allah may peace be upon him) sent us to Huraqat, a tribe of Juhaina. We attacked that tribe early in the morning and defeated them and I and a man from the Ansar caught hold of a person (of the defeated tribe). When we overcame him, he said: There is no god but Allah. At that moment the Ansari spared him, but I attacked him with my spear and killed him. The news had already reached the Apostle (peace be upon him), so when we came back he (the Apostle) said to me: Usama, did you kill him after he had made the profession: There is no god but Allah? I said. Messenger of Allah, he did it only as a shelter. The Holy Prophet observed: Did you kill him after he had made the profession that there is no god but Allah? He (the Holy Prophet) went on repeating this to me till I wished I had not embraced Islam before that day.

Sahih Al Bukhari Book 001 [eman/faith], Number 0176:

It is narrated on the authority of Usama b. Zaid that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) sent us in a raiding party. We raided Huraqat of Juhaina in the morning. I caught hold of a man and he said: There is no god but Allah, I attacked him with a spear. It once occurred to me and I talked about it to the Apostle (may peace be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Did he profess" There is no god but Allah," and even then you killed him? I said: Messenger of Allah, he made a profession of it out of the fear of the weapon. He (the Holy Prophet) observed: Did you tear his heart in order to find out whether it had professed or not? And he went on repeating it to me till I wished I had embraced Islam that day. Sa'd said: By Allah, I would never kill any Muslim so long as a person with a heavy belly, i. e., Usama, would not kill. Upon this a person remarked: Did Allah not say this: And fight them until there is no more mischief and religion is wholly for Allah? Sa'd said: We fought so that there should be no mischief, but you and your companions wish to fight so that there should be mischief.

http://i256.photobucket.com/albums/hh162/speed2kx/apst.jpg

The fact that he was given the opportunity to repent and return to islam shows that they were willing to answer his doubts if he had any.


If someone hides their disbelief in their heart, are they liable to punishment?

No. If someone hides their disbelief in their hearts, then no muslim can be suspicious on him and claim this person to be a disbeliever. This person has kept their disbelief in their heart, so it remains there. If however, this person spreads their disbelief and tries to influence others to leave Islam in the state, then he is causing harm to the society, and therefore he is liable to punishment.




A Matter of Allegiance.

When people become Muslim, they are pledging themselves to Allah [God], the believers, and the state. By disassociating yourself and breaking the pledge - you're committing apostasy, and even treason.

In many nations, including the US, the punishment for treason is death. In other states, its life imprisonment, and that is also like death (because you don't have any access to the world.)


If in those nations, its perfectly valid to punish someone for treason, then it is perfectly valid for the Muslims to make their own rules and decide what the punishment should be for one who commits treason, and spreads harm (even making others who are ignorant doubt their islam is a harm and form of corruption in society.)

It's a crime in many nations today (including the UK) to believe in the superiority of another ideology in comparison to Democracy. In Islam, it is a crime for a Muslim to believe that any other ideology is more supreme than Islam (because by him/her professing that islam is from Allah/God, they are by default agreeing that His law is the most supreme).

If someone professes this to others, then he is committing a crime and liable for punishment from the state (whether that state is the UK, or an Islamic state.) In both cases, the person will have to retract their statement and prove that they are loyal to their ideology - to be able to get their rights once again.

[Qatada]

asalaam alaikum


we'll get some more with the headings;


Uzayr [ezra],

Murky water (the claim by anti islamic people that surah kahf says 'the sun sets literally') [bro salman, you had a post on this can you find it?]

Yawm. (its definition and how the 6 days (ayaam/time periods) of creation doesn't contradict science).

Creation: what it is and its types. (i'll need help on this, but it covers the 2 types of creation shaykh haitham discussed; Kun [Be] and with His Hands.])

Dhimmah. Who they are, what types of protection they have, and other related stuff. [any good links on this?]



Anymore ideas yet?

[al-boriqee]

Originally Posted by Qatada

asalaam alaikum


we'll get some more with the headings;


Uzayr [ezra],

Murky water (the claim by anti islamic people that surah kahf says 'the sun sets literally') [bro salman, you had a post on this can you find it?]

Yawm. (its definition and how the 6 days (ayaam/time periods) of creation doesn't contradict science).

Creation: what it is and its types. (i'll need help on this, but it covers the 2 types of creation shaykh haitham discussed; Kun [Be] and with His Hands.])

Dhimmah. Who they are, what types of protection they have, and other related stuff. [any good links on this?]



Anymore ideas yet?

well, i don;t know the relvancy o the topic above, but i do know the issue of two types of creation , but it is mainly an internal conflict between the ahlu-sunnah an the ahlul-kalaam

as for the ahlul-dhimmah
this is where we need arabic trnaslators, I would realy like the whole works of
"ahkaam ahlul--dhimmah by Ibnul-Qayyim" translated. I would also like
"Ahkaam as-Sultaniyyah of al-Marwadhi translated.

these are original clasical arabic works and small bits and pieces of ibnul-qayyims work is found here and and there, but we need a more thorough translation of some of the work, and more importantly, the whole work translated.

asalamu alaikum

[Al Habeshi]

Bismillahir Rahmaanir Raheem,

as-Salaamu 'Alaykum Wa Rahmatullah.

Definetly needed some of that information spread out on the hadd punishment - exactly the type of thing I need to save because alot of non Muslims and Muslims are confused on the issue.

Jazaakumullahu Khayr Bro Qatada.

I have to ask, in one of the posts on the hadd punishment where you stated various points in blue, what was the source. We need sources for everything we say so everyone can refer back to it insha'Allah.

Br.al-Habeshi

[Qatada]

asalaam alaikum


we'll add these articles to the database insha Allah, the names are linked now to previous threads.


Uzayr [ezra], - some jews say they don't believe uzayr is the son of Allah. this article refutes that. we


Murky water (the claim by anti islamic people that surah kahf says 'the sun sets literally')

"Until, when he reached the setting of the sun, he found it set in a spring of murky water" [Surah Al-Kahf, 17, Ayat 86 - interpretation of the meaning]

First, where did he get the idea that Dhual Qarnayn mentioned in the Qur'an is Alexander the great? Qur'an tells us that he was a just and Allah fearing king but Mr. Alexander was a polytheist. Where did the comparison come from? Why do evangelic are quickly to merge polytheists believes with monotheism? We know that you believe 1+1+1 = 1 but this is too much. As far as know, no main Qur'anic tafsir (exegesis) say that Dhual Qarnayn was Alexander the great.

Now, going back to the other claim, if we read the ayat carefully, it says: "when he reached the setting of the sun, he found it set in a spring of murky water". So Dhual Qarnyan reached a place where he could see the sunset and he thought the sun was setting in murky water. Where does the Qur'an say that sun sets in the murky water. What an academic dishonesty by this liar! If I go to the beech and see the sunset, it will appear to me as if it is sets in the ocean. We know that sun doesn't set, but to us it does disappear and we call this "sun set".

Please read this article for a complete and detailed refutation: The polemics, and not Zul-Qarnain, are in murky waters!

Yawm. (its definition and how the 6 days (ayaam/time periods) of creation doesn't contradict science).

A day can be 1 day like a normal human day, 1000 years of humans, or 50,000 years.
Alleged Contradictions in the Qur'an - LI Islamic Forum

Creation: what it is and its types. (i'll need help on this, but it covers the 2 types of creation shaykh haitham discussed; Kun [Be] and with His Hands.])

We've discussed before that the Big bang doesn't oppose Islamic teachings. Its possible Allah created the universe through the Big Bang (zakir naik agrees with this, and others may have like Ali al Tamimi, Jamal Zarabozo etc).

Some people ask, how can the Big Bang be created when its just energy expanding continuously? This is when we can argue that this method of creation may have been the 'Kun' method, so Allah may have said Kun [Be], and the universe formed the way He intended it to form. (See Surah Yasin 36:82):

Verily, when He intends a thing, His Command is, "be", and it is!

Dhimmah.

Who they are, what types of protection they have, and other related stuff. [any good links on this?]

It seems from our islamic history that the ahlal kitaab weren't the only ones who were the people of Dhimmah, but magians too. Later in our history people of other religions were too.

What does the word Dhimmah mean? What does Jizyah mean?




Jizyah: Poll Tax money paid by non-Muslims citizens who are staying in a Muslim land, in return for their protection, services provided etc.

(Footnote in Bulugh al Maraam p489.)



If someone has ever studied Bulugh al Maraam under a shaykh, or has a sharh on it, maybe they can provide some explanations on these ahadith in abit more detail;









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