> Aayah Quick Arabic Questions

[Qatada]

asalam alykum

Whats the difference between the Ya and the Waw in words?

Ie muslimeen, muslimoon?


I hope we can ask arabic questions here insha Allah. Jazakillah khayr in advance.

[Aayah]

Wa Alykom Asalam Wa Rahmatullah Wa Barakatuh

Both of them has the same meaning...its only the ending of the word. That has something to do with Na7u and Sarf "Arabic grammars". I need to know first how far you are in that field so I will see how to explain it accordingly inshaAllah

[Qatada]

asalam alykum

Can u explain from the basics? Jazakillah khayr.

[Aayah]

Wa Alykom Asalam

Okay, I will start from the basics but can't say everything to avoid confusion, because this will take really long time to understand the grammars themselves.

In Arabic there is what we called E'rab "إعراب" in the science of Na7u and Sarf which means analyzing the word according to its position in the sentence like whether this word is a subject, object, conjunction.....etc

when there is a verb, or a noun in the sentence it has to have one of several situation like

1. Murfo3

2. Mansoob

3. Magroor....and some other situation.

In General:As for the Rafe3: it can be either by using Damma where it pronounced as (oo)

(ex: ُب) we pronounce it like "bo" notice the small sign at the end of the letter

As for the Naseb we use fat'ha where it pronounced as (aa)

(ex: َب) we pronounce it like "ba" notice the small sign at the end of the letter

And for Garr we use Kasra where it pronounced as (ee)

(ex: ِب) we pronounce it like "be" notice the small sign at the end of the letter

To know more about signs you can refer back to this thread

The above can work "usually" with verbs but when we are talking about the nouns/adjectives like the word Muslim it depends on its position so it can be whether in a position of Rafe3, Naseb, or Garr

* If it was in a state of Naseb & Garr it comes as Muslimeen

* If it was in a state of Rafe3 then it has to come as Muslimon

example: in Surat An-Nisa Aayah 95

لَّايَسۡتَوِى ٱلۡقَـٰعِدُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ غَيۡرُ أُوْلِى ٱلضَّرَرِوَٱلۡمُجَـٰهِدُونَ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ بِأَمۡوَٲلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِہِمۡ*ۚفَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُجَـٰهِدِينَ بِأَمۡوَٲلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِہِمۡ عَلَىٱلۡقَـٰعِدِينَ دَرَجَةً۬*ۚ وَكُلاًّ۬ وَعَدَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ*ۚوَفَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُجَـٰهِدِينَ عَلَى ٱلۡقَـٰعِدِينَ أَجۡرًاعَظِيمً۬ا

Notice the word in Red it came as Mujahidoon at first, then it came as Mujahideen.

The same with the word in blue, it came as Qa3edoon then it came as Qa3edeen. That was depend on the position of the word at the sentence and depends also it what came before the word (like what kind of conjunctions, prepositions…etc) and whether the word itself came as fa3el (subject), maf3ool (object), adverb phrases….etc

Its NOT only the matter of the three cases I mentioned above, but there are many many cases where you have to use whether "oon" or "een" but I tried to summarize as much as I can so you wont get confused.

Hope that help

[Qatada]

asalaam alaikum


jazakillah khayr.. okay can you explain it abit deeper now?

[Aayah]

As I said the topic is very wide and need to have a knowledge in the science of Na7u and Sarf.

As for the word Muslimoon, this is the plural of the word Muslim. In Arabic there is two kinds of plural. There a masculine plural (Jame3 Muthakar Salem جمع مذكر سالم) and there is a feminine plural (Jame3 Mu'annath Salem جمع مؤنث سالم).
As for the cases where we have to chose between using "oon" or "een", this is ONLY in the case of the Masculine plural. While if you are talking about feminine plural it can be only "Muslimaat"

I will take the same Aayah to explain some few cases of the different positions the word can be in the sentence.

لَّايَسۡتَوِى ٱلۡقَـٰعِدُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ غَيۡرُ أُوْلِى ٱلضَّرَرِوَٱلۡمُجَـٰهِدُونَ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ بِأَمۡوَٲلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِہِمۡ*ۚفَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُجَـٰهِدِينَبِأَمۡوَٲلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِہِمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡقَـٰعِدِينَ دَرَجَةً۬*ۚ وَكُلاًّ۬ وَعَدَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ*ۚوَفَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُجَـٰهِدِينَ عَلَى ٱلۡقَـٰعِدِينَأَجۡرًاعَظِيمً۬ا

ٱلۡقَـٰعِدُونَ: Here it was "oon" because it came as a fa3el (the one who did the action) in the sentence. Hence it has to be Marfo3 by the waw and non "ون"

ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ :Here it was "een" because it came as a Majroor "since it was preceded by "من" which is considered as one of 7uroof Al-Jarr*" and when we have such case we need to apply the case of "jarr" on the word, but since we are dealing with the masculine plural that "jarr" has to be applied by adding Ya and noon as "een" ين"

ٱلۡمُجَـٰهِدُونَ: Here it was "oon" because it came as a fa3el as well (because the Aayah was saying that this group of people and the previous one "ٱلۡقَـٰعِدُونَ" in the beginning of the Aayah are not equal in reward from Allah.....so they are both fa3el). Hence it has to be Marfo3 by the waw and non "ون"


ٱلۡمُجَـٰهِدِينَ: Here it was "een" because it came as a Maf3ol-behe (The one whose the action was done on, in other word its the object). Hence it has to be Mansoob by the ya and non "ين"


ٱلۡقَـٰعِدِينَ: Here it was "een" because it came as a Maf3ol-behe as well(In the Aayah it says that Al Mujajheedon was prefered by Allah over Al Qa3edoon). Hence it has to be Mansoob by the ya and non "ين"




* huroof al-jarr (prepositions) are: من, إلى, عن, على, في, ب, ل, ك,
min, ila, 3an, 3ala, fee, bi (ex: billahi), li (ex: lillahi), ka (ex: kamathali)


I hope I am not confusing you more. But the topic is kinda very varied with many cases.

EDIT: let me know if you understand the above becuz I wanna go deeper with the issue of having some plurals without noon.

[Amat Allah]

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

توكلنا على الله و به نستعين



may Allah be pleased with you my precious sister Ameeeeeeeen

I am here just to correct some info and add some:

In Arabic there is two kinds of plural

in Arabic language there are three types of the plural:

- the broken plural (Jam`uattakseer جمع التكسير)

- the masculine plural (Jam`ulmuthakar Assaalim جمع المذكر السالم )

- the feminine plural (Jam`ulmu`annath Assaalim جمع المؤنث السالم )

: Here it was "oon" because it came as a fa3el (the one who did the action) in the sentence. Hence it has to be Marfo3 by the waw and non "ون"

we can`t say : marfoo`a by the waaw and Noon..

because the masculine plural (Jam`ulmuthakar Assaalim جمع المذكر السالم )becomes nominative (Marfoo`a) by the waaw only , accusative (Mansoob)and genitive (Majroor) by the Yaa`a only...

and the Noon here, is instead of the tanween in the singular noun and has nothing to do with the nominative, accusative or genitive masculine plural...

ex:

singular noun:

Mualimon معلمٌ means :teacher

its Masculine plural is: Mualimoon or Mualimeen معلمون أو معلمين (depends on the masculine plural syntactic position if it is nominative, accusative or genitive)...


the Tanween (Tanweenuddam) in the singular noun became Noon when we changed it to the masculine plural...

so, the Noon here is not a tool to make the masculine plural nominative, accusative or genitive...


and adding:

-not all the words which ended with waaw and Noon or Yaa and Noon are masculine plural...

-and there are 6 conditions which must be founded in the word to be a masculine plural ...

- the masculine plural has its extensions(Mul`haqaat ملحقات) (words which are following the masculine plural but they are not masculine plural)...

- the Noon of the masculine plural got deleted in one position:

when we add a nother noun to the masculine plural to make it genitive (not Majroor but Mudaaf مضاف):

ex:

the masculine plural:

Mualimoon معلمون ...means : teachers

the genitive masculine plural :

Mualimoo Al Madrasah معلمو المدرسة

means the teachers of the school and as we see when we added another noun to the masculine plural its Noon got deleted...

and this leason is really long ...

please if there is any mistakes correct me just for the sake of Allah and to teach the others the language of the Qur`aan right...

may Allah love u all Ameeeeeeeeen

with all my respect and humility ur sister in Allah:

Amat Allah

[Aayah]

^ good!!! Here is the case of the plural without noon, barakallahu feeki dear sis

As for the takseer plural I didn't want to confuse bro The thread started at the beginning with that kind of plural.But khair if anyone need anything in regard of the plural of takseer we will do our best to help inshaAllah

[Qatada]

asalaam alaikum


i am understanding some alhamdulillah.. the main thing is that i know some parts, and i don't know other parts because i've not had any official teaching.. so i know bits, and some i don't..


jazakum Allah khayrun.

[Amat Allah]

I didn`t write that Saalim means : Sound

so, Jam`ulmuthakar Assaalim جمع المذكر السالم

means :The sound masculine plural

and Jam`ulmu`annath Assaalim جمع المؤنث السالم

means : The sound feminine plural

here u r an amazing site ma shaa Allah:

Arabic Plurals | Learn Arabic Online